Chapter 1: The Paradox of Excess & Deprivation

• Excess & Deprivation
• Public Dissatisfaction With the Health Care System
• Health Care as Right or a Privilege
• Understanding the Crisis

Chapter 2: Paying for Health Care

• Modes of Paying ofr Health Care
• The Burden of Financing Health Care
• Conclusion

Chapter 3: Access to Health Care

• Financial Barries to Health Care
• Nonfinancial Barriers to Health Care
• The Relation Between Health Care & Health Status

Chapter 4: Reimbursing Health Care Providers

• Units of Payment
• Methods of Phhysican Payment
• Methods of Hospital Payment
• Risk Revisited
• Conclusion

Chapter 5: How Health Care is Organized - I

• Models of Organizing Care
• Forces Driving the Organization of Health Care in the United States
• Conclusion

Chapter 6: How Health Care is Organzied - II

• The Traditional Structure of Medical Care
• The Seeds of New Medical Care Structures
• First-Geneartion HMOs: The Kaiser-Permanente Medical Care Program
• Second-Generation HMOs: Independent Practice Associations
• Will the HMO Era Bring Primary Care-Based Regionalized Medical Care

Chapter 7: Painful Versus Painless Cost Control

• Health Care Costs & Health Outcomes
• Cost Control Strategies
• Conclusion

Chapter 8: Mechanisms for Controling Costs

• Financing Controls
• Reimbursment Controls
• Mixed Controls
• Conclusion

Chapter 9: Long-term Care

• Who Pays for Long-Term Care?
• Who Provides Long-term Care?
• Improving Long-term Care

Chapter 10: The Prevention of Illness

• The First Epidemiologic Revolution
• The Second Epidemiologic Revolution
• Individual of Population?
• Models of Prevention
• Does Prevention Reduce Medical Care Cost?
• Conclusion

Chapter 11: The Quality of Health Care

• The Components of High-Quality Care
• Proposals for Improving Quality
• Where does Malpractice Reofrm Fit In?
• Conclusion

Chapter 12: Medical Ethics & the Rationing of Health Care

• Four Principles of Medical Ethincs
• Ethical Dilemmas Old & New
• What is Rationing?
• Commodity Scarcity: The Case of Organ Transplants
• Fiscal Scarticy & Resouce Allocation
• The Relationship of Rationing to Cost Control
• Rationing by Medical Effectiveness
• A Basic Level of Gauranteed Medical Benefits
• The Ethics of Health Care Financing
• Who Allocates Health Care Resources?

Chapter 14: National Health Insurance

• Government-Financed National Health Insurance
• Employment-Based National Health Insurance
• Secondary Features of National Health Insurance Plans
• Insurance Reform
• Which National Health Insurance Plan is Best?

Chapter 15: From the Past to the Future -The Evolution of Health Care in the United States

• The Four Major Actors
• The Years 1945-1970: The Provider-Insurer Pact
• The 1970s: Tensions Develop
• The 1980s: The Revolt of the Payers
• The 1990s: The Breakup of the Provider-Insurer Pact
• The Twenty-First Century
• Summary